Gurgaon, a town on the southwest fringe of Delhi, was modestly famous in the 1920s, when a British civil servant named Brayne developed a rural-development program known as the Gurgaon Experiment. It failed. Now, however, Gurgaon is booming, though this has nothing to do with rural development. The town is on the far side of Delhi's airport and has become an industrial and corporate center.

It is said that Yudhishtar, the eldest brother among the Pandavas, gave this village to his guru, Dronacharya, whose tank still exists on the west side of the Railway Road. Actual  village "GURGAON" is about 1.5 km. away from Gurgaon town, where the temple of SHEETLA MATA, attracts devotees in large numbers on every Monday and Tuesday.

During Akbar's reign, the district fell within the subas of Delhi and Agra, and comprised, wholly or partly, the sikars of Delhi, Rewari, Suhar Pahari and Tijara. With the decay of the Mughal empire, it remained in a disturbed state as a consequence of fighting between the neighboring chiefs till 1803 AD when most of it came under the British rule through the Treaty of Surji Arjungaon with Sindhia. The town was first occupied by the cavalry unit posted to watch the army of Begum Samru of Sirdhana, whose principal cantonment was in the village Jharsa, 1.5 km. to the south-east of the town.

The civil offices were removed from Bharawas (tehsil Rewari) in 1821 AD, when the British frontier advanced through the acquisition of the Ajmer territory.

The district was divided into parganas by Britishes, various parganas were given to petty chiefs and granted as jagirs in lieu of military services rendered by them. These jagirs were gradually resumed and came under the direct management of the British; the last of the important changes took place in 1836 AD. There after, the district remained unchanged until the 1857 uprising. In 1858 AD It was transferred from the North Western Provinces to Punjab. In 1861, the district was rearranged into five tehsils Gurgaon, F.P.Jhirka, Nuh, Palwal & Rewari.

In the composition of the District since the beginning of the 20th century various changes have occurred.

1901-1911: No change took place during this decade.

1911-1921: Ballabgarh was one of the three tehsils comprising the then Delhi district. A part of this tehsil was transferred to the Gurgaon district in 1912. This was formed into the new sixth Tehsils of the district with the same name viz. Ballabhgarh.

1921-31: No changes occurred during this decade.

1931-41: Minor changes occurred between Gurgaon district and Uttar Pradesh due to riverain action.

1941-51: Under the Provinces and States Order 1950, 9 villages of the district including Shahjahanpur were transferred to Rajasthan, whereas the district gained with merger of Pataudi State and the transfer of it of 2 villages from Rajasthan and 78 villages from PEPSU.

1951-61:There was no change in the boundary of the district during this decade.

1961-71:There was no change in the boundary of the district during this decade.

1972- : Rewari Tehsil was excluded from the Gurgaon district and included in the Mahendergarh district.

1974- : Thirty four villages were excluded from Palwal Tehsil.

On 15th August, 1979 , Gurgaon district was further divided to form a new district Faridabad in which tehsils of Ballabgarh and Palwal, of Gurgaon District were merged.

Location:

The present Gurgaon district comprising nine blocks Tauru, Nuh, Pataudi, Nagina, Punhana, F.P.Jhirka, Sohna, Gurgaon & Farrukhnagar was created on 15 August,1979. It is the southern-most district of Haryana. The district lies between 27 degree 39' and 28 degree 32' 25" latitude, and 76 degree 39' 30"and 77 degree 20' 45" longitude. On its north, it is bounded by the district of Rohtak and the Union Territory of Delhi.Faridabad district lies to its east. On its south, the distt. shares boundaries with the states of Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan. To its west lies the district of Rewari and the State of Rajasthan.

Gurgaon town is about 32 kms away from New Delhi, the National Capital of India.

Climate:

The climate, except during the monsoon, is characterized by the dryness in air, a hot summer and a cold winter. The year may be broadly divided into four seasons, viz. winter, summer, monsoon and the post monsoon or the transit period. The winter starts late in November and continues upto the beginning of March. The summer is from March till the end of June. The period from July to mid September is the south west monsoon season. Mid September to end of November constitutes the post monsoon or the transition period.

Rainfall:

The normal annual rainfall in the district is 553.00 mm. The rainfall in the district increases from the west towards the east. About 77% of the annual rainfall in the district is received during the south-west monsoon months.

From about the beginning of March, temperatures begin to increase rapidly. May and June are the hottest months when the mean daily maximum temperature is about 41° C. While days are little hotter in May than in June, Nights are warmer in June than in May. From April onwards, hot dust-laden winds locally known as loo blows and weather is unpleasant. The mean daily maximum temperature in January is about 21° C and the mean daily minimum temperature about 7° C.

The air is generally dry during the greater part of the year. Humidity is high in the south-west monsoon season. April and May are the driest months when the relative humidity in the morning is about 30 per cent and in the afternoon less than 20 per cent.

In the south-west during the monsoon season and for brief spells of a day or two in winters in association with passing western disturbances, heavily clouded or overcast skies generally prevail. The skies are mostly clear or lightly clouded during rest of the year.

Winds are generally light but gain force in the summer and monsoon seasons.

The language of Meos is Mewati, a sub dialect of north-eastern Rajasthani. The language of the north and west of the district in which the Ahirs predominate is Ahirwati, another sub-dialect of the north eastern Rajasthani, while language in east of the district in which the Jats predominate, is the Braj Bhasha dialect of western Hindi.

The majority of population of the district consist of Hindus. They predominate both in the rural and urban areas except in the Nuh and Ferozpur Jhirka tehsils where the Muslims are in majority.

Festivals and fairs are an integral part of religious life. The common festivals celebrated by the Hindus are Holi, Janam Ashtami, Dussehra and Diwali. The other festivals are Shivratri, Gugga Naumi, Solono and Bhaiya Duj. Mela Masani mata or Sitla Mata ka mela and mela Chhat Bhadon or Baldev Chhat are the more important fair held in the district. Mela Pir, mela Burha Baba or Mela Vankhandeshwat, Mela Suraj Kund, Mela of Ravan of Meos and Mela Jhirka are locally important fairs.

The district has a considerable topographic diversity. The drainage problem is of a typical nature; it is difficult because of the drain tendering to flow towards inland depressions instead of flowing out into some river. The soil is heterogeneous. At most places it is rocky and water is brackish.

Population as per Census - 1991 ( in Millions)

Total Population =11,46,090 (i.e. 6.96% of total population of Haryana State)

Urban   : 232,704                   Rural    : 913,386       

Total Area = 2760 sq. km ( 6.24% of total area (44,212 sq.km) of the state.)

Agriculture:
The economy of the district is primarily agriculture :-

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